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1911 | Photograph
A Manicure on the "Modern Train"
This image from The Modern Railroad (1911) captures a white, female passenger receiving a manicure from an African-American woman while aboard the railroad.
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1864 | Photograph
Boxcars with Refugees at Railroad, Atlanta, Ga., 1864
With the capture of Atlanta, General William T. Sherman?s army seized an important rail hub for the Confederacy. This image of refugees and African Americans, sitting on rail cars with their possessions, indicates the massive displacement that came with the war.
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1864 | Photograph
No. 1. Steam engines "Telegraph" and "O. A. Bull," Atlanta, Ga., 1864
No. 1. Steam engines ?Telegraph? and ?O. A. Bull? remained in position amid the ruins of a Confederate roundhouse in Atlanta in 1864. The South possessed some of the most beautiful depots and railroad facilities in the nation in 1861. Sherman?s campaigns sought to dismantle the Confederate railroad system and in so doing deny any claim to modernity and progress. African American workers stand atop the old Georgia Railroad flatcar.
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1862 | Photograph
Railroad construction workers hammer track as a third watches
African American laborers, free and contraband, worked for the Union Army to build and repair rail lines across the South. Note the bent and broken rails scattered in the background, signs of earlier destruction.
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1862 | Photograph
African American Laborers on the U.S. Military Railroad in Northern Virginia, c. 1862 or 1863
From the beginning of the Civil War, African Americans worked on the railroads, transferring their labor to the Union cause.
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1862 | Photograph
Contrabands at Cumberland Landing, Virginia, May 1862
In the Peninsular Campaign, Federal forces encountered thousands former slaves who sought freedom and work in the Union army camps. Even if slaves fled slavery, their status was unclear in the first year of the war. In July 1862 Congress declared such refugees from slavery ?forever and henceforth free.?
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1861 | Photograph
Barricades at Alexandria, Virginia.
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1861 | Photograph
Slave pen of Price, Birch & Co., Alexandria, VA: ca. 1860 - ca. 1865
A Matthew Brady image of the slave pen of Price, Birch & Co., Alexandria, Virginia.
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N.D. | Photograph
African American wood choppers? hut on the Orange & Alexandria Railroad
African American wood choppers? hut on the Orange & Alexandria Railroad. Black men, many of them formerly enslaved on the South?s railroads, chopped timber for railroad ties, bridges, and fuel for the U.S. Military Railroads. Stationed at remote camps, such as this, they also faced the constant danger of Confederate partisan and guerrilla raids.
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1901 | Pamphlet
A Republican Text-Book for Colored Voters
Meant as a primer for African American voters, this short volume includes a brief interview with William Jennings Bryan, followed by a comment on Jim Crow cars.
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August 4, 1900 | Newspaper
"Jim Crow" Law To Be Tested
The restrictions of Jim Crow laws are tested by Virginia's Pamunkey Indians.
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December 18, 1898 | Newspaper
Race Problem on Railroads
North Carolina plans for Jim Crow cars draw attention.
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October 30, 1893 | Newspaper
Fight on Class Law
The Anti-Separate Coach Committee of Kentucky begins to lobby against the Jim Crow laws recently passed by the state legislature.
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April 5, 1893 | Newspaper
Rights of Negroes
The decision for Maime Caldwell in her case against the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railroad Company for discrimination is briefly recounted, noting the final award of $800.
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September 3, 1891 | Newspaper
Untitled [Through the action of the separate coach law]
A reponse from the Southern Pacific following an Interstate Commerce Commission ruling that African Americans making trips crossing state lines could not be ejected from first-class cars.
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January 5, 1889 | Newspaper
FACTS FROM GEORGIA
A correspondent of the New York Age reports on an Atlanta Evening Journal article recounting the expulsion of Reverend T. H. Lee from a Georgia Railroad Company coach.
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December 18, 1888 | Newspaper
Couldn't Ride on the Sleeper
The ejection of Reverend H. F. Lee from a Georgia railcar is reported.
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December 24, 1887 | Newspaper
Rev. Mr. Heard's Railroad Case
The case of Rev. William Heard versus the Georgia Railroad Company is heard before the Interstate Commerce Commission.
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September 10, 1886 | Newspaper
In The First-Class Car
The plight of three African American passengers on a Georgia railcar is recounted in this reprint from the Macon Telegraph.
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September 29, 1883 | Newspaper
Untitled [The railroads of Texas have been harassed]
A brief editorial statement about the conditions on Texas railroads and the lack of equal accomodations for African Americans and the need for a continued struggle against "American intolerance."
